Paulo Freires Pedagogy Of The Oppressed Literature Essay

Paulo Freires Pedagogy Of The Oppressed Literature Essay The Pedagogy of the Oppressed was written in 1968. The book became widely popular within a few years and was the subject of discussion by many people in the educational world as well as activists. In the teaching realm this book can be seen as something like an icon. It gives an inside view of the relationship triangle involved with education. The book can be seen as a set of guiding principles which Freire admits are skills hes learned through experience. Freire encourages individuals to use growth through situations from daily life and learned lessons from circumstances as tools to further your learning experiences. Paulo Freires purpose in writing the Pedagogy of the Oppressed is to help oppressed individuals form themselves and avoid being formed by other peoples acts of oppression. This book has a high level of vocabulary and word scheme that helps in its own way to educate the reader not just of oppression but in literacy as well, which was one Freires main works in life. Throughout this book you will find different proposals made by Freire to help individuals form themselves and heighten their own education. One of such examples is for a person to take his own life experiences that are constantly encountered instead of made up occurrences to rationalize problems in the educational aspect. Paulo Freire was born September 19, 1921 in Recife, Pemambuco, Brazil. His family was one that would be considered middle class. His father Joaquim Freire was an officer of the Pemambuco military police, while his mother tended to the home. During the Great Depression, the familys economic troubles resulted in them relocating in Jaboatao, which is where most of Paulos childhood and early teen years were spent. His mother managed to get him accepted into a private school in Recife, on a scholarship when he entered high school. Later in life Paulo would return to teach Portuguese at the same institution. At the young age of 13, Freires father passed away, that was the year of 1934. Paulo had a hard time making his way into the upper class society in his high school, because of his middle class status. School was a very important factor to the young adolescent and he strived to do his best in his studies. At the age of 20, Paulo was in Law school and had already mastered his grammar in Portuguese and was starting his studies in philosophy Sociology. In 1943 Paulo Freire married a elementary school teacher names, Elza Oliveira, just a year after he started Law School. Freires Law career was a short one which ended before he could even put his skills to use with his first client. Freires wife confided in him that shes hoped hes change his mind to education. Later the majority of his life would be based around his works in education and his strives to make improve the educational system. In 1946 Freire took over the Pemambuco Department of Education and Culture of the Social Service Industry as the Director. His 10 year term is detailed in the Pedagogy of Hope, another of Freires great works. The experience helped further Freires achievements by giving him a basis on which to develop his doctoral dissertation in 1959. This is what led to his first book, Education as the Practice of Freedom, which was completed and published during the premature years of his exile in Chile in during 1965. During 1957 Paulo was also appointed as the director of SESIs Pemambuco Regional Chapter Division of Research and planning. In 1959 Freire was appointed as the professor of the History and Philosophy of Education at the School of fine arts, after his thesis was accepted and hed done much traveling and consulting with other SESI programs as well as founding the Capibarbie Institute which is committed to scientific, ethical and moral education. Freire received many accomplishments and recognitions of honor as well as appointments of honor, many of which were educationally related. However after March 31, 1964 Freires exceedingly advancing career took a pause. After Freires participation for education movements and the peasants proved able to read the military came in and took control, throwing Paulo into prison twice and sending him into exile. To better understand the purpose of the book, it is essential to first know the meaning behind the title. According to Merriam-Websters online dictionary, the meaning of the word Pedagogy is: The art or science of teaching; especially: Education. This is the basis of the book itself; Freire directs our attention to the relationship between that of a teacher and student along with society Another word that it is vital to understand is Oppressed, I turned once again to Merriam-Webster for this definition which is as follows: To crush or burden by use of power and authority. Paulo Freires Pedagogy of the Oppressed gives us a view into the education system and how it is becoming less of a good learning tool. The education system has become less creative, and the teachers are sucking the very supplement of life out of the lessons. The minds of students today resemble that of storage, filled solid with memorized information that is later replaced when the next subject is being taught. We can see evidence in this today as many teachers focus in the classroom is prepping their students to the states standards so that they may pass the standardized tests. The teachers teach specifically to the test continuously replacing information in the students storage so that only the test materials remain. Freires book clues us in on the relationship between teacher and student, and the method that the teachers try to instill in the students to produce the perfect student, some of which include: The teacher is the main subject or model for the students, and the students are objects waiting to be molding into what the teacher perceives to be the perfect student. This relationship refers to Freires comment in his book During the initial stage of their struggle the oppressed find in the oppressor their model of manhood. (Freire 46) This is one of the quotes I selected throughout the book that I believe help the reader to gain insight to the message being delivered through Freires text. Oppression of students is much easier the more teachers dominate and control their students. Sometimes they are successful in their endeavors and others times the students notice this and rebel in an attempt to challenge the teachers and dominate over them instead. Freedom is acquired by conquest, not by gift. (Freire 47) This quote is used not only to give hope but also instruction. Sometimes shedding a previous habit or custom seems near impossible but in Freires text he uses this statement to show that there is a way to break free from the overbearing rules so that one may gain his or her freedom. When reading the book I saw that the main tool of domination when using the Oppressor-Oppressed method in education is the banking approach. The banking method, which is only the act of depositing information into a student, has very little connection to critical thinking skills or creative thought process. The method is set up that way so that there is no room to threaten authority. In this aspect the teacher is superior because they know all the information that they are to instill in the student but it is highly unlikely that through lecture alone the student will understand the importance and application of this new information, which the teacher more than likely will know . This is another example of the relationships Freire talks about amongst students and teachers, the teacher knows everything and the students know nothing. I find this to be false though, even though the oppressed (students) are more often than not at a great disadvantage to the knowledge of the teachers they, being oppressed know in a different sense a far greater importance than their oppressors. In the Pedagogy of the Oppressed Freire says Who are better prepared than the oppressed to understand the terrible significance of an oppressive society? Who suffer the effects of oppression more than the oppressed? Who can better understand the necessity of liberation? They will not gain this liberation by chance but through the praxis of their quest for it, through their recognition of the necessity to fight for it. And this fight, because of the purpose given it by the oppressed, will actually constitute an act of love opposing the lovelessness which lies at the heart of the oppressors violence, lovelessness even when clothed in false generosity. I took this to mean that even though they may be oppressed in the end it is the oppressed who often teach the oppressor a far greater lesson than they would have been able to teach themselves. Oppression can be the control factor in everything we as a people do. In education there is a formula for the success and Oppression is the control factor in the experiment. Without oppression students would use their creativity analytical skills to seek out the answers to challenges in everyday life as well as in the classroom. One thing that is very important to understand about education is that there isnt one set method or formula to teach or learn something, there is only what works best for the teacher or learner. Freires argument presented in the Pedagogy of the Oppressed is indisputable. He delivers his view not by the over-use of factual information and evidence but by creating a sense of either acceptance or denial of his belief. The author is able to deflect opposing arguments by first establishing his idea of the Oppressor within. Then throughout reading the book that single idea is able to back Freire in the majority of his statements leaving many critiques unable to ridicule his work. One of Freires arguments was that educators needed to have a profound trust in people. Their goal is to be able to understand, accept and connect with the people so that they may help raise a type of awareness in the people and their actions. However this goal can sometimes back-fire and end with negative results, if done incorrectly and with force, no compromise, disregard for the peoples culture and beliefs. Paulo Freires Pedagogy of the Oppressed was a wonderful read and left me insightful to the teacher student relationships, the beliefs of Paulo Freire . I believe that Freire put much thought and passion into the writing of this book and more than proficiently backed his opinion and arguments throughout the book in its entirety. Freires tone and attitude suggest that we are either supporters of the oppressed or oppressors ourselves. While this is a standard good vs. evil theme there is a more in depth meaning behind Freire forcing you to choose a side. This however can only be taken to a certain level without potentially warping future educators, resulting in an unbalanced structure and behavior. While reading, I got the sense that the author was often using everyday occurrences to help relate to pedagogical situations. The authenticity of my thought pattern here could be very accurate because after doing some research on Paulo Freire I saw in his biography that Pedagogy of the Oppressed was written with influence from some of Freires very own experiences in the educational career. His method makes a great deal of sense seeing as his approach was to reach and educator the world of the education system. This book is ideal for educators as well as parents and students. The Pedagogy of the Oppressed explains in great details the education system and the relationship of powers amongst students and teachers. Freire divides the world into the oppressed and oppressor, this is the under the assumption that the wielder and submitters to power fall into those categories. Although neither is free from the other, the oppressed are those who take the brunt of the relationship. Not only are the oppressed being suppressed by their oppressors but they also are conflicted with a fearfulness of freedom. (Freire 47) This confliction is what allows the oppressors to maintain and strengthen their superiority and keep the oppressed in a state of inferiority. I believe it was Freires hope that in writing this book and sharing his insight with the world he would somehow manage to lend a hand in the oppressed realizing their fate and perceive the reality of oppression not as a closed world from which there is no exit, but as a limiting situation which they can transform. (Freire) Although many educators have analyzed this book along with students, parents, and various people in the political world there are still many who do not grasp the importance of Freires work. The pedagogy of the oppressed is an instrument for their critical discovery. It is tool of liberation for the oppressed who have not realized their state of oppression. Once a person reads this book, if Freire has a accomplished his goal in that individual they will being to notice topics that Freire mentions throughout the book and realize that they may or may not have been a victim of oppression at some point in their lives.

Discrimination and Ethnicity

With more than six billion people in this world, with a huge variety of human shapes, colors and sizes can race really be defined? As people spread across the world. Mixing among each other creating new kinds of faces there is no true race. But people such as Hitler believed that the Aryans where the superior race responsible got the cultural achievements in Europe and that they has to stop â€Å"racial contamination† that would come from breeding with inferior races by destroying them. Which caused the slaughtering of those deemed inferior: Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, slaves, and people with disabilities.It didn’t stop here, you’d think the world would try to make a difference but as Hitler era was fading, the â€Å"ethnic cleansing† by Serbs in Bosnia, the mass killings of Tutsis in Rwanda in 1994 were and are stilling taking place years after Hitler. What these people failed to see is that there is no â€Å"pure race†. People show such a mixture of physical characteristics – in skin color, hair textures, body shapes, eye color, height, weight and so on that there can not be a â€Å"pure race†. Our characteristics follow endlessly together, the mapping of genome system shows that were strikingly homogenous.Although large groups of people can be classified by blood type and gene frequencies they still cannot be classified as a race. The idea of a race in far from a myth, its embedded in our culture, it is part of our everyday lives. Sociologist D. S. Thomas observed that if people define situations as real, they’re real in their consequences in other words, people define situations as real, they’re real in their consequences in other words, people act on beliefs, not facts (Beckwith and Jones, 1997). As a result to that we will always have people like Hitler who feel that killing people that they believe is inferior is perfectly fine.Incidents such as the above still happen in today’s world but they are hidden from the public eye, what isn’t hidden and does continue toady seems as if no one is trying to make a difference is prejudice and discrimination, a war that will never stop. Prejudice can be defined as a prejudging of some sort, discrimination on the other hand can be defined as an action, and unfair treatment directed against someone on basis of their age, sex, height, origin, marital status, education, income, religion, etc, but when its due to race we usually call it racism.Why are people prejudices? The common sense answer is that people may have had a negative experience with a member of the other group. But Psychologists such as Eugene Hartley (1946) made studies showing that its more than just an old incident, his studies showed that prejudice against all other groups as well. Social scientists have developed several theories to explain prejudice; there are two types of theories, Scapegoat, and the Authoritarian Personality.People who are unable to release there stress to the source usually tend to release it on other people and they tend to find someone to blame their mishaps on and this usually becomes their scapegoat, often a racial, ethnic, or religious minority that they unfairly blame for their troubles. The other theory is The Authoritarian Personality Theodor Adorno’s term for people who are prejudice and rank high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissive to superiors. Sociologists find these theories to be inadequate, they stress that the key to find prejudice is from the outside not form within.Sociologists focus on how some environments foster prejudice, while other discourages it. Sociologists have a few theories; Hitler used Functionalism, he hired Fritz Hippler, a Nazi intellectual was put in charge of the entire German film industry and he was told to create anti-Semitist, and he did by producing movies that compared Jews to rates, that their breeding would c ontaminate their â€Å"pure breed†. You can see that prejudice is functional and it creates in-group solidarity, and destroys human relationships. Conflict Theory- a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups competing for scarce resource.Symbolic interactionism examines how people’s labels affect perception and create prejudice. When we apply a label to a group we tend to see its members as all alike, this leads to stereotyping and discrimination and may even create a depicted behavior. Symbolic interaction shows that were not born to a â€Å"race†, and ethic group where we lean beliefs, values; we learn to perceive them negatively or positively. If discrimination is common in our groups, we learn to practice it commonly. Discrimination is like a learned skill if you practice it enough you won’t even realize you using it.William Julius Wilson, a sociologist, argues that social class has become important that race is determine the life chances of African Americans. Prior to the Civil War African Americans were excluded from everything that could help you advance in life and become wealthy. As African Americans moved out of the inner cities, as legislators began opening doors for African Americans, as a result they were able to get better paying jobs, live a middle-class life, but those who were left behind in the inner cities they were trapped in poverty (Wilson, 2001).I believe that people choose their way of life, yes it is true that things may be harder for an African American or a Latino person, but things are hard for everyone in their own individual ways. I do believe that in today’s world things aren’t based on race in some places yes but as from what I see I believe its based on your social class, who you are, who you know, where you work, and how much money you have, that’s what I believe matters in today’s society.Although sociologists like Charles Willie, states that even African Americans do the same work as whites, whites average higher pay than African American, he argues that it racial discrimination not social discrimination. He states that we need to provide more jobs for the people in the inner cities; with more jobs there’s more hope in inner cities and an anchor to a responsible life. But being richer for an African American is still a problem because certain people start assuming things for example an African American person driving a new car a cop tends to find reason to pull them over, just to make sure the car isn’t stolen.Both sociologists have a strong point of view, but I also do have my own view in prejudice and discrimination. In today’s society minority groups have a better chance to achieve their goals, for example everyone can attend the same college, travel the country, eat in the same place and even be best friends with someone of a different ethnicity, while this is taken for granted I honestly think it’s a beautiful thing. Prejudice and discrimination is a war that will be fought through out ones life regardless, of their race, color, size, height or social status.As we flash back we see that discrimination has always been around in all different forms. We, as the human race need to focus on not judging people before we know them for who they are. Today, there are so many type of people in the world that stereotyping are always incorrect. If everyone in the world had respect for one another we would live in peace and be able to let others believe in what they wish and except everyone’s differences. If we teach our children and change our ways, sometime in our future we will be closer to accepting that a man’s character is based upon content of his soul, not his color, ethnicity, or their religion.

Automobile and Car Essay

1. Jono Schneider – for plaintiff. 2. Jatinder S. Ubhoo – defendant 3. Sabatina N. Vassalli – for defendant 4. START TIME: 10:32 AM 1. good morning 2.morning 1. do you recall sorry whats your name.. 2. 1. 2.yes 1. do you remember approximately what tiem the.. 2.no I don’t remember that †¦ 1. 2. it was snowing 1. was there snow on the ground 2. yes 1. did the snow on the ground†¦ 2. not sure what youre trying to say†¦ 1.and did it 2. 1. 2.yes 1. and were you alone in the car 2. yes 1. and where was your.. 2. I was going to meet a friend 1. 2. social. 1:31 1.and what was your friends name 2. do I have to disclose that 3. yes 1. your lawyer is here†¦. 2. 1. 2. I do not talk to him that much anymore†¦ 3. we are going to have to provide it off / on – 10:35 am 1.alright and I appreciate that†¦ 3. that’s fine 1. And where did ikbal like were you going.. 2. I was going to meet him .. 1. okay. And that was just to hang out 2. ya just to hang out because for me it was a borigng day I just wanted to go see my friend and that’s what I was going to go do. 1.and the collision happened†¦ 2. what is the day again†¦ 3. tuesday 1. 2. 1. what im asking is if you have a very specific recollection that day†¦ 2. I don’t remember. 1. and so you left your house, how long did it take.. 2. my house is on mcveen and castlemore 1. 2. ya its very close 1.probably less than.. 2. ya 1. and in those 5 mins you were†¦ 2.yes 1. and this is a car that.. 2. yes 1. are you aware of †¦ 5:15 2. no 1. so there was nothing wrong with the breaks 2. no 1.nothing wrong with the tires 2. no 1. so in terms of the .. 2.no. 1. what type of the car 2. it was a 2006 acura tl 1. so you’re driving along had you been on.. 2. yep 1. and 2. 1. 2. it was a red light from far and by the time I was approaching it.. 1. and were there any cars on †¦ 2.there were cars†¦. 1. 2. go straight. 1. and as youre approaching goreway and youre saying tht there were.. 2. yes 1. 2. no my lane was empty I would have been the .. 1.and there wasn’t rush hour traffic at this time 2. no 1. 2.yes 1. and those cars are stopped at the †¦ 2. yes 1. and your lane is not.. 2. theres another.. no it also turns right and for people.. 1. so you have the option. 2. yep 1.and as your approaching †¦ 2. yes 1. how far away from the intersection.. 2.i would say 75 yards 1. and the speed limit on that street 2. I think its 70 1. and this .. 2. no cause it was snowing 8:01 1. k you’re driving the†¦ 2. yes 1.and youre about †¦ 2. I was driving slower than the speed limit because it was snowing.. 1. I 2.i would say†¦ 1. 2. because ive seen the red lights†¦ ive already taken off my .. 1. is it an automatic car or.. 2. automatic 1. 2. yeah 1. 2. when I saw the I would say prior to the I don’t know the distance properly but .. 1. 2.straight ahead 1. so at what point did you actually†¦ 2. I started slowing down I would say beyond the †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1. okay 2. then I hit the gas again 1. and as youre seeing the red light ahead of you are there any cars making †¦. 2. 1. 2. 1. the cars that are †¦. 2.no 1. and as your travelling but I think I asked you this before youre in the †¦. 3. he already answered that he said he didn’t know.. 1. 2. yah 1. have you ever travelled.. 2. yes 1.do they have an advanced green.. 2. I wouldn’t know that but I don’t remember that because I never turn left on †¦ 1. 2.i moved there on November 1st 2007 1. so at the time of the collision you’ve lived there for.. 2. yes 1. as youre approaching the .. 2. yes 1. and do they .. 2. no 1.how come 2. because they see this car coming and they had to rush to break 1. so the other.. 2.stop right away in the†¦ 1. and their .. 2. yep 1. now was there more than one car that.. 2. yes two cars right behisde†¦ 1. 2. ya 1.and those cars were they .. 2. obviously they would stop†¦ 1. 2.ya ya I saw that 1. 2. I started breaking I started breaking hard I said theres something going on here and at the end †¦. 14:06 1. okay. And the back of your car did it.. 2. no 1. and did your abs breaks†¦ 2. yes 1.and was your car†¦ 2. no 1. and what part of the other persons car.. 2.that I don’t remember anymore 1. did u get out of the car and see the .. 2. ya 1. where was the †¦ 2. I think its im not suer as far as I can remember†¦ 1. and im presuming†¦ 2. ya 1.and 2. 3.ya to be fair to him im not sure he knows 1. 3.ya I duno.. 1. I don’t need him to†¦.. 2.no 1. did you take any pictures.. 2. I took a picture of my car 1. 2. no 1. do you still have a copy .. 2. no 1. 2. I just took it for my purposes just in case 1. what did the picture show 2.it just shows my cars .. 1. 2. the bumper has fallen off the lights have been smashed 1. 2. im not sure anymore 1. 2. im not sure. 1.okay. 2. were bent 1. alright. And this person that was turning left†¦ 2.what do u mean 1. did u notice if the left had turning car had come into.. 2. no 1. and those cars that were stopped and started to go into the intersection did they.. 2. no 3. well I duno what do u want me to say†¦ 2. well because the car †¦ 1.you said there was two.. 2. yep 1. 2.they both left.. 1. what about the other two.. 2. im not sure. 1. so they didn’t.. 2. no there was bad weather snowy who would want to stick around and.. 1. and did u call the police or †¦ 2. I assumed the police was †¦ 18:49 1. 2. yep 1. and did you ask her if she†¦ 2.never got a chance 1. and when you spoke to the .. 2. she just started yelling at me what are you doing 1. 2. what do u mean what am I doing trying to make a left when u don’t have the left signal anymore 1. so your impression is†¦ 2. yes 1. 2. because obviously she wouldn’t 1. listen 2. 1. yep 2. and she was saved by being hit †¦ me on the other hand my lane was empty I was coming I saw the red light I took my foot off the pedal slowed down †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1. so even though you saw just the break lights .. at which point†¦ 2. not sure because what caught her was my car skidding trying to stop to save her.. 1. was your car already skidding by the time that.. 2. you know I saw her 1.okay when did u see her 2. I saw the cars their breaklights turn on took my foot their feet off the pedal again but as soon as I saw her again I put my foot on the break really hard†¦ 3. when was the first time you saw her .. 2. when she was in front of me 1. so you had †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2.no no no no. 1. 2. I saw her that’s when I started breaking really hard 1. where was she 2. she would be on the left in the middle of that intersection . 1. and how far away from the intersection were u 2. I don’t know 22:56 1.and how far.. 2. im not sure about that either 1. did u skid pass.. 2.not sure. 1. you know when you approach a †¦ 2. ya 1. 2. ya 1. do you remember h ow far back from that †¦. 2. I don’t remember that anymore I don’t recall that specific points anymore 1.and how fast were u going †¦ 2. not that fast no 1. well how fast did u.. 2.yes I did. 1. and whe n u started slowing down†¦. 3. I think he already answered that I think it was the second †¦ 1. okay well im trying to figure out and I apologize if I asked you this already 2. slowing down ya 1. slowing down †¦ 2. yes 1. and you pressed your .. 2. yes 1.and from that point going forward to the point that you †¦. 2. I cant answer that question because I wasn t even 1. ok 2.i wuld not speed in bad weather like that because you know you†¦.because the 26:27 1. ok. Alright. After the accident. The impact itself would u describe it as†¦ 2. medium 1. and after the †¦ 2. yes 1. 2. yes 1. 2. she had a child at the back 1. and the child was in the back seat 2.yes 1. and you told me that you †¦ 2. that’s all 1. how was the kid 2. she was alright 1. and was the lady concenred about her child 27:29 2. im not sure im not sure how to answer that.. 1.well did .. 2. she approached me first 1. and the cars are not moved from the intersection 2.ya they were still in the middle of.. 1. and by the time the police officer got there.. 2. im not sure 1. did the police officers†¦ 2. again im not sure 1. 2. they didn’t get there right aay†¦ 1.yep so can u give me an estimate†¦ 2. 1. 2. 1.so impact occurs and within .. 2. don’t know about the timing .. 1. 2. no I never went back†¦. 1. im not talking about .. 2. I don’t remember anyting like that 1.were you†¦ 2. no 1. and did u feel any pain at the.. 2.no 1. so the accident happens .. 2. yep 1. btu youre not sure†¦ 2. I never told you .. 1. sorry maybe its my mistake in terms of 2. yep 1.so the impact occurs 2. yes 1. youre telling me.. 2.yeah†¦ 1. 2. ya when the car comes to.. 1. 2. I never walked up to her I walked up to the damage to see what the †¦ 1. 2. no that’s after not right away.. 1.so youre looking at 2. 3. just tell him what you rmember 1. ive not no problems with your answers I would tell u†¦ 2.i dotn remember what I did I don’t remember what I did I could have gotten back into my car to sit down to get some heat†¦. 1. did u call anyone with your cell phone to tell them that ou had†¦ 2.no 1. and by the time that †¦ 2. no by the time the police got there I was outside by myself 1. and you hadn’t.. 2. no I spoke with the toe truck driver he was there first at the scene 1. 2. 1.who is marcy 2. she is the first lady on the goreway lights†¦ 1. 2.shes here in the goreway lane im here right 1. just for the purpose of the record 2. im looking at west and .. 3. so for reference 1. 2. thank you. 1. 2. shes a driver. 1.and she came over to you said .. 2. yep 1. and what did she say 2.she assured me that she saw the collsion whose wrong whose right she said she cant .. 34:50 1. and she gave u.. 2. yes 1. can I have that†¦ 3. 1. 3. okay so 416†¦ 1. but you managed to save marcy’s contact information 2. the reason why that is saved is the iphone backs up contacts.. 1.sure. alright. So marcy was a driveway.. 2. ya 1. what type of car did she have 2.i think she had a mazda†¦. 1. and you obviously would have given†¦. 2. 3. do you remember that or are you guessing †¦ 2. 1. well did u give the contact information 2. the answer to that is first of all the police officer never asked me if and u .. 1. and u didn’t.. 2. I was told to sit in the rental car †¦ 1.and you talked to the .. 2. from the start sit in your 1. 2. 1. ok 2. and um when everything was done however long .. 1. 2. yes sitting in the police 1. 2. ya 1.or whether†¦ 2. ya but both of them I saw them engaged with the police officer †¦. 1. okay. 2.never gave me a chance to provide my iformation or my opinion 1. so the police officer.. 2. im not sure but at that point he never†¦ 1. ok 2. if I said something to the officer that’s what I would have said but I do not recall†¦ 39:37 1. 2. I do not remember†¦ I rpoably did I probably didn’t. 1.yep. 2. and thts about it 3. 2.because even the toetruck driver was surprised at how the police was giving †¦.. 1. okay. So you felt it was unfair.. 2.yes 1. 2. but again I did not question that †¦ 1. okay. The police officer didn’t.. 2. no no no but still next thing you know.. 1. 2. so go ahead. 1.did you ever get†¦ 3. what he is saying is that 2. ya. That’s what im trying to say. Because who wants†¦ 1. because theres reprocissions.. 3.lets move on. 2.sorry. 3. that’s okay 1. 2.no 1. did u get an opportunity to †¦.. 2. no 1. did u try and talk to her at all†¦ 2. 1.okay. did u ask the officer†¦ 2. ya 1. 2.i do not recall 1. 2. no one is wrong no one is write 1. 2. 1. 2. he said youre saying this youre saying .. 1.did u ask the officer .. 2. I didn’t ask him but he said it on his own but they †¦ 1. was there any ice on the ground 2.there was snow 1. are we talking about 2. there†¦ 1. im talking about on the actual road on the banks 2. I don’t recally that but it was slushy. 1. slushy.okay. couldn’t have used a†¦ 2. no 1. any sort of †¦ 2. no 1. counsel r u aware of any other†¦ 3. no 1.ive noticed in your.. 3. there isnt 1. any ivestigiation 3. I don’t believe so. If there was anything in.. 1. k perfect. 2.no 1. did she ever call u 2. no 1. did u give her.. 2. yes 1.but she didn’t call u 2. no 1. was she alone 2.ya 1. 3. yes 1. 3. 1.can I get a†¦ 3.yes. 1. well ill take a look at †¦ 3. 1. that was going to be my next.. 3. ya abosolutely. 1. can you make best efforts to get the picture on your cell phone 3. 1. 2. no 1. 2.yes that’s it, phone number 1. okay subject to any questions arising from udner†¦ off – 11:25 am

What Does It Take A Safe Nurse The Nursing Profession...

Safety in Healthcare What does it take to be a safe nurse? The nursing profession offers many opportunities for error. Great challenges arise when trying to keep patients safe. Quality healthcare is defined by patient safety and the fulfillment of personal needs. Society, nurses, physicians, and patients themselves are responsible for ensuring that operational systems and methods are taken to illuminate the likelihood of errors occurring. As a nurse, it is important to make sure that the appropriate actions are being taken to limit the amount of mistakes that put patients and their families at risk. Although a nurse has to perform with a certain level of competency, there is always need for improvement when it comes to self-care, patient-care, and the environmental care. Responsibility relies on nurses to take care of themselves while caring for others. Living a healthy lifestyle is a constant challenge. A healthy lifestyle includes a balance of exercise and nutrition. With a large p ercentage of the population being obese, nurses have a great opportunity to educate not only their patients and families, but also, each other. The solution to improve work performance is education and training. The workload does not always offer an opportunity to eat healthy or exercise properly. According to an article produced from the ANA (American Nurses Association) by Karen Gabel Speroni, PhD, MHSA, BSN, RN titled, â€Å"Designing Exercise and Nutrition Programs to Promote Normal WeightShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Heath Related Safety Issues1210 Words   |  5 PagesSAFETY ISSUES Safety in Healthcare What does it take to be a safe nurse? The nursing profession offers many opportunities for error. Great challenges arise when trying to keep patients safe. Quality health care is defined by patient safety and the fulfillment of personal needs. Society, nurses, physicians, and patients themselves are responsible for ensuring that the operational systems and methods are taken to reduce the likelihood of errors occurring. As a nurse, it is important to make sure thatRead MoreNursing Fatigue : What Is The Blame Game And How Can It Be Prevented?1676 Words   |  7 Pages1. Nursing Fatigue: What is the blame game and how can it be prevented? Nurses have an accountability to their patients to ensure provide the highest quality care possible; and to provide high quality care nurses need adequate resting; working long shifts, night shifts, and rotating shifts, or overtime, contributes to nurse fatigue, accidents, mistakes, and errors (Reed, 2013). Nurses have an obligation to avoid errors and to advocate for safe workplace environments that prevent patient harm.Read MoreEvaluation Of A Professional Nurse1142 Words   |  5 PagesIn order to be considered a professional nurse, one must encompass a particular set of values. As a nurse, one of the many goals is to provide quality care for the client throughout the course of treatment. The quality care has varied throughout nursing history and is always being evaluated. According to the 2012 HealthLeaders’s survey, â€Å"72% of nurses rank patient satisfaction and experience as one of their top three priorities.† (http://www.healthleadersmedia.com). If the care i s not client-centeredRead MoreNurses And Licensed Practical Nurses2340 Words   |  10 Pagesregistered nurses and 690,038 licensed practical nurses in the United States. Nurses, in fact, make up the largest group of healthcare workers in the country. They are also among the most underpaid, understaffed, and overworked within the field, despite being on the front line of patient care and are helping to save lives on a regular basis. For decades there have been ramblings of an impending nursing shortage that always makes it was to the forefront of discussion. However, the nursing shortage isRead MoreProfessional Roles and Values2539 Words   |  11 PagesC304 Professional Roles and Values The face of nursing has evolved and changed since it’s inception. Today’s nurse is faced with cultural, ethical and technological issues that didn’t exist even twenty years ago. As such, nurses have had to continuously evolve to continue to provide the quality, selfless care that patients have always relied on them for, and expected, since the very beginning of nursing. From pediatrics to gerontology, nurses are serving a culturally, religiously and financiallyRead MoreLancaster General Hospital : A Voluntary, Non -profit Hospital Essay1584 Words   |  7 Pagesservices they offer are emergency medicine, intensive care, level II trauma center, stroke center, and urology. Some outpatient services include laboratory testing, pulmonary, function testing and radiology service. LGH received a Magnet Designation from the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) four years in a row starting from 2002. â€Å"It is granted in four year intervals and recognizes organizations for quality patient care, nursing excellence and innovations in the nursing profession† (HealthRead More Reflection Upon A Critical Incident Essay2677 Words   |  11 Pageswhilst attending a clinical placement. Reflective practice has become very popular over the last few decades throughout a variety of professions. In some professions it has become one of the defining features of competence. The wide spread utilization of reflective practice is due to the fact that it ‘rings true’ (Loughran, 2000). Within different disciplines, what is understood by reflective practice varies considerably (Fook et al, 2006). Despite this, some agreement has been achieved. In generalRead MoreI Am A Nurse : My Personal Philosophy3873 Words   |  16 Pages I am a Nurse: My Personal Philosophy Carly Windschitl Arizona State University I am a Nurse: My Personal Philosophy The profession of nursing is often looked at as taking care of sick people or treating physical well-being. Many do not realize that nursing encompasses so much more than that. It is very important to me to have a positive attitude that transfers to my coworkers and patients. I want to be committed to helping those in need and desire to be able to be a confident healthRead MoreLeadership Theory Of The Nursing Practice2611 Words   |  11 PagesSummary Major changes need to take place within the nursing leadership in order to change the culture of the nursing practice. Evidenced- based research has proven that a transformational leadership style, solid emotional intelligence, effective communication skills, and a new culture of nursing leadership are the key for growing the nursing practice. The problem is change is not happening at the top level of nursing administration, so the entry level, or clinical nurse is still practicing in the mannerRead MoreThe Necessities Of Increasing The Nurse Patient Ratio2034 Words   |  9 PagesThe Necessities of Increasing the Nurse-patient Ratio Nurses are the largest group of regulated health care providers and each one is pivotal in patient care delivery. The nurse patient ratio determines the quality of care and patient outcomes. But inappropriate nurse staffing levels are a serious threat to patients. In the absence of a formal mandated nurse- patient-ratio in Canadian health care facilities, nurses are struggling to give universal care to the Canadian population

Rape Culture Controversy Essay - 896 Words

While there are many problems in the world, like poverty, famine, cancer, and an abundance of carbon emissions into the planet, there is one that has been in the back of my mind for quite some time: rape culture. This issue is vastly popular in the world of bloggers and social networking site, tumblr. It’s slowly progressing into an important issue that the public is acknowledging. Reviewing the issue’s historical, social, political, cultural and economic perspectives will entail rape culture’s controversy. Rape culture is an issue that has gained moment through the feminist movement within the last couple of decades. Rape itself has been around since the beginning of time and its definition has changed over the years. In the United†¦show more content†¦I have adapted to extreme circumstances and am told to treat it as baseline. I carry this fear close to my heart, rooted into my bones, and I do so to keep myself unharmed.2† Girls and women are taught that cat calls on the street are normal and to just brush it off. Women have to deal with rape culture every day. Women can’t be out and about at three in the morning in fear of being raped. When I went to Sear’s Driving School, the instructor told every single girl in the class to lock the doors as soon as we get in their car in case anyone tries to attack us or rapes us. Women are told to be mindful of what they’re wearing because if they are raped, someone is going to blame their outfit for being raped. Society has taught women that it’s normal to be seen as sex objects and nothing else. In the summer of 2013, â€Å"Blurred Lines† by Robin Thicke was playing in nearly every radio station. I have to admit that it’s a catchy tune and made me want to sing along. It’s when I started singing along that I felt disgusted. The song goes on to say â€Å"I know you want it† referring to sex. The song â€Å"B lurred Lines† focuses on the so called â€Å"blurred lines† that men face when being entitled to having sex with a girl. If rape culture didn’t exist, a song like this wouldn’t be so popular much less have ever been written. The U.S. government has done as much as it can to implementShow MoreRelatedWomen s Movement During The 1970 S1275 Words   |  6 Pagesbegan in the 1970’s or the 1990’s these decades both held its own on the matters of oppression and the exploitation of women. Rape culture as well as women’s clothing options were twisted into making these decades some of the most influential for women of all times. From the way women were dressed, to celebrities standing out, rape culture, or movements for women, controversy was created throughout these decades to put a dent in women’s history and truly impact women’s lives. During the 1970’s mostRead MoreThe Debate Of Rap Music, By Kate Roberts, And Amita Vyas From The Aspen Institute1281 Words   |  6 PagesThe question of what causes rape, is a hard one to answer with certainty. Of course, nothing is ever 100% certain. Sexuality has long been a focus in many societies, and as Kate Roberts, and Amita Vyas from the Aspen Institute acknowledge, â€Å"On one side, sexuality renders power, while on the other, it causes fear and discomfort† (Roberts). In this century, there are numerous aspects that contribute to how people view sexuality. Some might debate that Rap Music, through its use of lyrics, tries toRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Gender832 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferences are biological and unambiguous. Gender on the other hand, refers to the aspects that influence each sex and make them distinct from a social standpoint, and each of us does gender constantly. The social construction of gender has caused controversy throughout the years, and has ultimately conceived one of the most contended topics in our society of late: feminism. Feminism refers to the belief in equality of the sexes. Recently there has been an influx of feminism in the media and our generalRead MoreThe Rape Trial Of Brock Turner Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pages America stands by traditional notions where rape culture is the norm and revolves around society. In particular, when a woman is raped, their actions prior to the incident are usually accounted for their fate of being sexually assaulted. Lately in America, there has been a controversy over women being victim blamed by legal authority in rape cases. These women are slut shammed for allegedly â€Å"asking for it† by being intoxicated and having the intention to â€Å"have fun†. Because of these accusationsRead MoreNirvana, By Kurt Cobain1348 Words   |  6 Pageswant to die†, but the songs on In Utero still represent the alternative core of the band. The song â€Å"Rape Me† , which did not make it on the final cut of In Utero, is a song that displays Nirvana core notion of alternativeness. â€Å"Rape Me† even created controversy, as the Nirvana as banned from playing this song on MTV. When it was their time to perform, Nirvana played the opening bars of â€Å"Rape Me† before going into another song, just to send a message to MTV. Signifying how they don’t really playRead MoreExploring Sexual Assault And Rape1315 Words   |  6 PagesEXPLAINING SEXUAL ASSAULT AND RAPE As reported by, feminist criminologists, their perspective of rape and sexual assault differ between liberal and radical feminists. Liberal feminists’ viewpoint in regards of rape as a gender-neutral assault on a persons’ autonomy and mainly focusing on the harm that rape can do to an individual. In contrast, radical feminists describe rape as a subject to be recognised and understood as a major pillar of patriarchy; a social system in which men claim the positionsRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Anti Abortion1624 Words   |  7 Pagesa very large controversy between the ideas about abortion and anti-abortion. Different religious views, beliefs, peoples many different customs and even people of different cultures all have their own preferences and ideas on the take of this political issue. Views against abortion can lead to as much of an impact as a violent/non violent riots outside of an abortion clinics, to something as simple article in the newspaper. The belief on abortion that leads to a lot of the controversy is that in thisRead MoreWomen s Rights On The Grounds Of Political, Social, And Economic Equality889 Words   |  4 PagesThe dictionary definition of feminism states that feminism is the â€Å"advocacy of women s rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men.† However, this definition raises controversy due to a lack of preciseness. In order to achieve a precise definition, one would need to define equality because it is safe to say not all men are equal (i.e. white supremacy). The true definition of feminism, is the desire to end sexist tyranny and patriarchy. Feminists do not hate men asRead MoreGraffiti And Street Art Museum1650 Words   |  7 Pagesacross the world. Controversy however surrounds the art of graffiti. In most cases, graffiti is placed upon public areas for all eyes to see. Public areas are often seen to be owned by the public, a neighborhood, or organization. An artist, or tagger, alters the appearance of a piece of public property that is not theirs without consent. As well, many graffiti artists paint graffiti for the thrill of the tag. It is an adrenaline rush for many to do something illegal. Controversy begins here becauseRead MoreFemisim, Sexual and Gender Equality1153 Words   |  5 Pagesto most within the campaign. Despite being just as human as any person, women, (people of all) gender identities and romantic/sexual orientations are discriminated against, and do not have the same rights as cisgender heterosexual males. Feminism culture is the drive for equality among females and all gender people that are not specifically ‘Male’. There are thousand of misconceptions about what Feminism is, and what Feminism isn’t. To start, Feminism is not about hating men, ‘Destroying the Patriarchy’

Slavery in Ancient Rome - 1491 Words

The experiences of enslaved women differed from the experience of enslaved men in ancient Rome; slavery within ancient Rome can be traced back to the first century BCE and was based primarily on the chattel slave system. Slavery within the ancient roman society was highly normalised as it was considered a part of roman culture. Slavery within ancient Rome was so heavily normalised that it is considered to be described as a â€Å"slave society† Joshel (2010, p. 6) states that â€Å"For slaves living in the Roman world, there was no outside – no place without slavery and no movement that declared slavery wrong. Slavery was a normal part of life, and this was true not only for the Romans but for every neighbouring ancient culture†. Not only was†¦show more content†¦While Roman law acknowledged slave motherhood† (Joshel Murnaghan 1981, p.8). Slavery within Rome was largely dependent in labour; both enslaved men and women were recruited within diffe rent fields of labour. Enslaved women were mostly enslaved to work within households, than enslaved men who were mostly recruited to work within the fields or mines . Enslaved Roman men and women were critical in symbolic terms of wealth for their masters, especially those who served within the domestic affairs. As these servants were responsible for the owners’ overall nobility â€Å"These domestic servants produced social status, not income, for their owners. They allowed their owners to live nobly: they took care of their owners’ physical needs, symbolised slaveholders’ social status, and, as property, displayed their owners wealth† (Joshel 2010, p. 9). Enslaved women that worked within domestics, especially cooking were subjected to poor working conditions and harsh treatment. The working conditions experienced within an ancient Roman kitchen is described as being â€Å"dark and poorly ventilated, so the cook worked in a small room full of smoke and fumes† (Joshel 2010, p. 25). Roman kitchens also included a small corridor allowing other servants to transport dishes in and out of the kitchen. In terms of harsh treatment, a slave cook could be beaten if their master found their workShow MoreRelatedThe Roles Of Ancient Roman Slavery In Ancient Rome886 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Roman slaves did numerous amount of jobs and helped Rome become prosperous. Slavery in Rome had benefited the Republic in various ways. Slaves increased the economy, fed the entire republic through agriculture, and they also upheld important roles and was the glue that held Ancient Rome together. Slaves played a huge roll in Ancient Rome and was the reason for the great economy and without the slaves Rome would not have been as powerful as it was. An estimate of the slave population inRead MoreSlavery in Ancient Greece and Rome Essay1104 Words   |  5 Pages Slavery was the practice of taking a human being and making them do the work of another by force. This was practiced through out the ancient world and especially in Rome and Greece. Slaves were nothing more than just property to the ancient peoples. They didnt have the rights of citizens nor were they able to do what they want in most cases. Slaves had many tasks that they had to do, many of which included taking care of the masters house and kids, cooking and cleaning that house, herding the cattleRead MoreSlavery in Ancient Roman Society1301 Words   |  5 Pagesoppression. When most people now think of slavery, they think of the United States because that memory is relatively new and culturally relevant to America ns. However, slavery existed in many other cultures and times across the world. Understanding the nature of slavery is integral to an understanding of Western Civilization in general. Ancient Rome practiced slavery throughout much of the Empire, and especially under Emperor Augustus. It is likely that slavery was just as important for making the RomanRead MoreRoman Slavery1148 Words   |  5 PagesSlavery is an institution of the common law of peoples by which a person is put into the ownership of somebody else, contrary to the natural order. Slavery was commonly practiced throughout all ancient history, but no other people in history owned so many slaves and depended on them so much as the Romans. Slavery was accepted as a part of life in ancient Rome by the slaves themselves and by the society. However, slavery was both beneficial and disastrous to ancient Rome. In RomanRead MorePompeii, By Janet Scott Batchler And Lee Batchler929 Words   |  4 Pagesthat was written by Robert Harris. I chose Pompeii because I heard about the devastating event that took place in the ancient Roman city in various television programs and books. As a result, I wanted to learn more about the event and the daily life of Pompeii before the volcanic eruption occurred. I thought that watching the movie would give me insight about Pompeii and the ancient Roman civilization. In addition, I also chose this film because it features talented actors such as Kit Harington, AdewaleRead MoreHow Strongly Ancient Societies Affected The Formation Of Today s Society1434 Words   |  6 Pagesaims to investigate how strongly ancient societies affected the formation of today’s society, by analyzing several characteristics basically originating from civilisations of Ancient Antiquity such as Greece and Rome. The civilized culture is dated back to ancient Greeks and Romans. Their contribution to philosophy, literature and politics has undeniably helped to form notions of modern Western cultures. This is because, assorted essential features in the life of Ancient Greeks and Romans which willRead MoreInhuman Treatment of Slaves in Ancient Rome Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesPrevious Roman actions have raised the question whether they recognized their slaves as things or people. Of course, there are economic advantages in support of slavery. However, when human lives are under constant danger and torture, the economic advantages must be forgotten. Although the slaves of Ancient Rome played a pivotal role in the society, their actions were never approved. After careful consideration, it is evident that the Romans recognized slaves as things rather than people. This conceptionRead MoreCompare And Contrast Rome And Han Empire1342 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last three centuries, Rome and the Han Dynasty were successful in their expansion throughout thei r respected parts of the world. Although both ran a very similar government, both successful civilizations did so using different methods. The Han would govern using imperial rule in addition to the Analects of Confucianism to run their political ideology. The Han Dynasty would eventually even change the text of the Analects per how they ruled through the original tablets. The Roman Empire wouldRead MoreAncient Roman Society1353 Words   |  6 PagesThe society of the ancient Romans has often been considered the bases for our modern society. When one thinks of the Roman society, pictures of grand villa s and of senators wearing Toga s come to mind. Also, Roman society is often associated with great feasts and extravagance among the rich. There is more to Rome, however, then these symbols and the Classical Roman society is one with a complicated history that covers the history of the ancient city and involves the family, the home, educationRead MoreA Brief Note On The Punic Wars And Rome1713 Words   |  7 PagesTraditions I October 14, 2015 Rome Midterm Essays Punic Wars The three Punic Wars were between ancient Carthage and Rome and took place over almost a century. The wars began in 264 B.C. and ended in 146 B.C. with the destruction of Carthage (History.com Staff). At the time the war broke out, Carthage was the world’s leading maritime power in the Mediterranean and Rome was the dominant power in the Italian Peninsula (History.com Staff). In the First Punic War, Rome defeated the Carthaginians at

Marketing and Customer Loyalty Consumer Audience and the Company

Question: Discuss about the Marketing and Customer Loyalty for Consumer Audience and the Company? Answer: Introduction Marketing is used to describe a means of communication between the consumer audience and the company. Marketing is the adaptation that is used to evaluate commercial activities and make a purpose for inducing behavioral activities related to this research. However, the researcher has taken customer loyalty that has a behavioral tendency to evaluate product performance of a brand (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). It is observed that increased competition and selection of products is a major challenge to retain customers effectively. However, Smartphone, email, texting, twitter, social media and other communication channels are making business easy and resilient. Thus, the main purpose of this research is to find a key issue related to the marketing problems among the competitors in business. It is seen that identifying what customers wants and doing a better job will give rise to a differential problem regarding the technological alliances (Dencic-Mihajlov, 2013). Thus, the conservative climate is also shrinking the customer base. However, the business executives are trying to find a definite way for keeping customer base effective on marketing areas. Background of the study The background of the topic will focus on the orientation of researchers choice that will highlight the main perspectives of marketing theories and customer loyalty. It would be resilient if the growing perspective of social media has a relation to customers base (Dr. K. Selvi, 2012). However, it is seen in the economic environment that changing focus of management is a key area in marketing segment. The techniques associated with marketing will make an analysis of the consumer behavior. Moreover, choosing target markets would make a planning identity for the company to take benefit from the dedicated customers (Singla, 2012). It is also observed that there is an influence of market strategy associated with political, economic, environmental and technological factors. In addition, the researcher has initialized various types of customer loyalty that may have loyal customers but the consumers do not participate on any of the programs associated to business (Tang Saili, 2012). Hence, c ustomer loyalty in marketing has a relevance that would exhibit on differential products for a particular brand. It also describes a key objective for customer relationship management and an establishment of products and services. Rationale of the research The researcher has described a rationale for the topic by assuming an impact on marketing and customer loyalty in business. The issue the researcher finds will determine the main prospect of this research (Ren Shuxia, 2012). What is the issue? It is observed in the research that a major issue in marketing is arising due to rise of social media because it increases product performance. The main issue in this research is to find the marketers which is a major concern regarding technological problems (Miremadi Mohajerani, 2013). However, if proper assistance were given to marketers, then there would be a good feedback in identifying the right technology provided in implementing products. Why is it an issue? The researcher has made a specification regarding the technological problem the marketers are facing frequently related to products and services. The issue of this research is because due to technological intervention, the marketers do not find an area where they could solve their problem associated with the business (Milisavljevic, 2013). Thus, they must find an area where they can express their opinions and views regarding the technologies which hampers their products and effects customer loyalty frequently. Research question How would you evaluate technological alliances of marketing to build customer loyalty among most customers? Research Objectives The researcher has initiated various research objectives based on the research question that would analyze the context of business issue to an extent in this research. These are as follows: To identify the impact of marketing on customer loyalty To recommend practices that would help to regulate frequent use of technological alliances to increase customer loyalty To evaluate the technological alliances of marketing for building customer loyalty Literature review In this study, the researcher will discuss on the core aspects of literature review to evaluate the theories and models of customer loyalty and marketing areas (Lagarde, 2013). Since technological alliances has been growing widely on marketing segments and developing a way to build customer loyalty. Thus, there should be a way to reduce the problem associated with the business issue regarding the scattered market. Marketing strategic theory It is seen in this research territory that there are products and services which plays a key factor under the marketing strategy (Kursunluoglu, 2014). Thus, this theory is observed through various segments in marketing that are as follows: Segmentation Products and services are pioneered to solve problems regarding what customer wants exactly from the manufacturers. Market segmentation is crafted for presenting the product to the company that have the ability to access and afford the service (Dr. K. Selvi, 2012). Here, the marketers and business owners identify the product that have a demographic based on products profitability. Marketing mix This is organized by the marketing plan that has a psychology associated with the target market. The orientation will account on the marketing segments if there would be a possibility to make a differentiation on product base, features and its determined competitors (Kursunluoglu, 2014). The four factors of marketing that are price, product, place and promotion would make a potential benefit to access customer service through the target market. Life Cycle It would be assertive if the marketing strategies do not evolve the right base of products line (Miremadi Mohajerani, 2013). Ideally, it is initiated during the growth phase that proper audience would build a stable supply chain, brand loyalty and distribution channels to most customers. Thus, the marketing chain should shift its focus by aligning distribution channels to the cooperative advertising process and other online promotions. Alignment of products It would be effective if the market strategy takes benefit from its prominent customers but in turn, they must also give a better service (Singla, 2012). However, it would be efficient if the marketing team would focus on producing products with a low rate. Thus, it is evident that quality of product will be determined upon its price, style and durability. Customer value model It would be persistent if there would be a data-driven representation of products. Therefore, the researcher has taken customer value model (CVM) to deduce a relation on customer loyalty. CVM are used primarily in B2B markets where a choice is given regarding the product or the service (Ren Shuxia, 2012). Moreover, customer value is defined in terms of a benefit that is reduced through price. Hence, customer benefits are determined through product features and capabilities of customer. Customer value model is dependent on two areas that are: New product/service development It is developed that customer immersion is a major part that will determine the products featrure. However, there would be a functional area for creating value among most customers. Thus, the on-site interaction would be used to frame the features of products differentially (Tang Saili, 2012). Moreover, successful CVM efforts would change the basis of customer to supplier on product immersion. It would also form benefits to make functionality towards the problem associated with customer base. Sales tools CVM would serve as a major tool to form values and benefits what customer want from its staff. It would also make a validation for creating growth to the current customers. However, it serves as a major platform for retaining the current customers and determining a way to make a position for its cost and promotion (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). Moreover, the researcher has analyzed a problem that would make ability through customer interaction and on-site previews. This problem would be beneficial if observations are made for evaluating customer problems and other consulting firms. Moreover, there may be a way to make a clear connection between customers bottom line and other product benefits (Dencic-Mihajlov, 2013). Figure 1: Customer Value model (Source: Kursunluoglu, 2014) Research methodology In this study, the researcher has assumed various methodologies to make an empirical part in this research. This will also explain theories and concepts from the outline of this research. Moreover, the researcher will draw an outline through research approach, research strategies, research designs, etc. In addition, the integral part of researcher would be to analyze data analysis and data collection method relatively (Sullivan, 2014). Thus, the researcher will also incorporate a time horizon to make the foundation of research successful. Research philosophy The researcher has taken various techniques and ideas to make an outline of this research. This will fulfill the goals and objectives of this research ideally. To get a better variation from this confronting topic, the researcher has taken research paradigm to understand and make an analytical review with proper base and assistance. It is seen in this research that an authentic observation is provided to make a good understanding of this topic. However, there are four types of research philosophy (Salaberry Comajoan, 2013). These are Positivism, Post-positivism, Realism, and Interpretivism. In this study, the researcher has chosen Positivism research philosophy for making a justification in this research. However, the researcher has chosen Positivism philosophy because the researcher did not have enough time and low budget made to choose this philosophy (Rostron, 2013). This philosophy will help the researcher for better understanding and it is observed that the main area of Positiv ism philosophy has the ability to minimize the possible errors. It will also gather effective information to validate the research successfully. Now, the researcher has made possible variation from this research by gaining a factual knowledge. Thus, this will present the variation of data and other activities from the concerned topic (Popping, 2012). Research approach The study will correlate about the assistance provided by the researcher to conduct Research approach. This comprises of inductive and deductive phenomena. In this research, the researcher has chosen deductive research approach to make an outline through accumulating data and participation through specific variables and corresponding data (Love, 2012). It also illustrates by use of theories and models in an effective manner. On the other side of this research, inductive research approach is concerned by generating theories and models for good evaluation of data. Hence, for better understanding in this topic, the researcher has made a justification to deduce a relation for completing the research in that given time (Juan Huang, 2012). However, this will also make a general perspective with the help of scientific evaluation and by drawing critical theories. Research design Research design will provide an opportunity for the researcher to make the topic evident in an elaborative manner. Research design mainly includes of four types (Jagodzinski Wallin, 2013). These are Explanatory, Exploratory, Correlation and Descriptive research design. In this study, the researcher has taken descriptive research design to analyze the topic by giving an authentic explanation through various angles and other perceptions. Regarding the topic, it is evident that other designs have also a very important part to play. Explanatory research design is involved by active participation to answer the questions of the research successfully. It will also solve the problem associated with this research by knowing the outcome (Hantrais, 2014). On the other hand, exploratory research design will focus on the orientation of this research that could not be identified in an appropriate manner. Hence, descriptive research design would allow the researcher to gather primary and secondary variables of this research effectively (Goodson, Loveless Stephens, 2012). Research strategy Research strategy would also provide an outline by analyzing how the researcher will carry out his entire work throughout the process. Research strategy is conducted by various interviews, surveys, case studies, analysis and other areas. This strategy would make good efficiency by following guidelines of this research and demonstrating it through an analytical venture. It is observed in this study that proper evaluation of data is an important aspect to assess information effectively. However, the general perspective of this research would be suitable to justify the position of this research for better understanding (Fram, 2014). In this study, the researcher has selected surveys and interviews that would help to gather information periodically. It would also focus on the orientation of this research qualitatively by assess to opinions, beliefs and a thinking perception. Hence, this will make reliability in this research by gaining a position with the help of preferable ideas. It is observed from various case studies that the outlook of research will give a clear understanding through a frequent basis. The survey procedure will allow the researcher for gathering valuable information to make a viewpoint of this research. This will be analyzed through a statistical format. Now, to provide a justification in this research, the researcher has conducted interviews for improving the quality of this research in an effective manner. Moreover, the researcher has taken questionnaire forms to make an application criterion to assess valuable information from the analyzed topic (Fiorito, Scheall Suprinyak, 2015). It is more or less seen that researcher did not focus on the groups because it did not provide effective information that is based on quality. Hence, the perception of this research would make a good relevance of the topic because of good validity. Data collection method The knowledge researcher has provided from the very beginning is to analyze variation of data in an effective manner. It is seen that data collection method comprises mainly of two types. It evolves as primary and secondary data collection method. The primary data collection method is assessed by involving major respondents (Chandra Sharma, 2013). It generally includes quantitative and qualitative data collection method whereas the secondary data collection method would be assessed by collecting information through various journals, books, websites, magazines, newspapers and other references. In this research, the researcher has taken primary data collection method to observe the research analytically with the help of major respondents. As it is depicted that primary data collection method comprises of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Thus, the researcher would make a consideration in this study with the help of probability sampling techniques for quantitative a nd non-probability sampling method for qualitative method (Biddle Emmett, 2013). It is seen that quantitative data analysis would be observed for better understanding in this topic by making various questions under a statistical format. The quantitative research method would be analyzed by making graphs, pie charts and tables among the major customers and giving them a variety of choices to choose. Moreover, qualitative data analysis is performed with proper evaluation and it is done through by taking managers by asking them relevant questions. Sampling method To make a foundation of this research, the researcher has defined the target population with the help of suitable goals and objectives. Generally, sampling methods are of two types. It includes Probability and non-probability sampling method. Probability sampling method is done through random sampling in an effective manner whereas non-probability sampling method is included more appropriately and in a fragile way (Barbour, 2013). In this research, the researcher has chosen probability-sampling method because it has a good advantage by minimizing the errors that will be calculated. Sample size Sample size is defined as the number of respondents, which would help for execution of data in the research study in a successful way. In this research, the researcher has taken 55 customers by assessing marketing theory on customer loyalty and 4 managers, which would help to perform data analysis by conducting interviews and surveys qualitatively (Alvesson Sandberg, 2013). Data analysis This is a way to inspect information by transforming data with the help of suitable recommendations (Al, 2013). Data analysis supports multiple approaches and facts by interpreting information through a suitable domain. It is observed that an analytical data would be performed by citing information from the major users. This could make an interpretation by answering questions and by making a suitable hypothesis in this research. However, the data would be used for specifying variable population that includes sex, age, income, gender, caste, etc. In addition, the analytical areas would interpret information based on the regression values and characteristics of the random distribution curve (Biddle Emmett, 2013). Reliability and Validity of the research Reliability of the research is defined as the degree that produces successful results and assessments. It is administered with a group of individuals, which performs critical thinking ability and decision-making process (Fram, 2014). Validity produces experimental results that have a scientific method to analyze the sample groups with the help of successful results. Time horizon List of activities Week 1-3 Week 3-6 Week 6-9 Week 9-12 Week 12- 15 Week 15-18 Week 18-21 Selection Secondary data collection Literature review Primary data collection Data analysis and interpretation Research methodology Suitable recommendations and conclusions Formatting Final submission Table 1: Gantt chart Limitations of the research The researcher has formed various characteristics on implementation and design policies of this research. This will highlight the research by making suggestions regarding a problem that are as follows: Errors will be placed if descriptions are not stated clearly. Pre-existing data will help to conduct the research by making various questionnaires, surveys and interviews Selective memory and attributes will help to access information from various documents and other areas of research (Goodson, Loveless Stephens, 2012). Ethical considerations The researcher has made variable contribution in the research that would initialize during the course work. It would also interpret information that would persist to make an application related to gather data conveniently. However, the major respondents would help to make a suitable conclusion during the course work through active participation. It enhances that major respondents would set an application criteria in this research to make a proper validity in this research (Juan Huang, 2012). However, the researcher would impose a criterion to make proper rules and regulations for implementing Data Protection Act in a successful way. It also regulates that there would be no involvement of any external force regarding the research study. Reference List Al, S. (2013). Interpretive research design: concepts and processes. International Journal Of Social Research Methodology, 16(4), 351-352. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2013.802464 Alvesson, M., Sandberg, J. 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